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1 ♦ standard
♦ standard /ˈstændəd/A n.1 stendardo ( anche fig.); bandiera; insegna; vessillo: the standard of liberty, il vessillo della libertà; Julius Caesar's standards, le insegne di Giulio Cesare2 campione; modello; misura; tipo: (econ.) standard of value, misura di valore; standards of weight and measure, pesi e misure tipo; standards of purity for drugs, norme per stabilire la purezza dei prodotti medicinali3 criterio; norma; principio; regola; (fig.) metro, parametro ( con cui giudicare): Everyone has his own standard of judgement, ciascuno ha il suo criterio (o metro) di giudizio; by any standards, quale che sia il metro di giudizio; comunque lo si giudichi; by European standards, rispetto alla norma in Europa4 grado; livello; qualità; tenore: The standard of play has risen considerably, il livello del gioco è assai migliorato; These goods are not up to standard, la qualità di questa merce non è soddisfacente (o è scadente); below standard, sotto il livello desiderato; ( di merce) scadente (o di seconda qualità); to set a high standard for st., fissare requisiti elevati per qc.; up to standard, essere al livello desiderato; ( di un lavoro) soddisfacente; ( di merce) conforme al campione; work of (a) low standard, lavoro di qualità scadente; (econ., stat.) a high [a low] standard of living (o of life) un alto [un basso] tenore di vita; safety standards, norme di sicurezza; academic standards, livello (sing.) di insegnamento ( offerto da una scuola, ecc.)5 (pl.) princìpi, valori morali: That man has no standards, è un uomo senza princìpi: ethical standards, principi etici6 (fis.) campione di misura7 sostegno; supporto; montante; piedistallo13 (tecn.) tubo verticaleB a. attr.1 standard; comune; corrente; normale; ordinario; unificato; modello; tipo; base: (leg.) standard agreement (o contract) contratto tipo; standard prices, prezzi normali; (market.) standard sizes, misure normali; (econ.) standard cost, costo standard, costo modello, costo guida; (stat.) standard deviation, deviazione standard, scarto tipo, scarto quadratico medio; (stat.) standard error, errore standard; standard gauge, (ferr.) scartamento normale; (cinem.) passo normale; (market.) standard grade, qualità tipo; (ass.) standard policy, polizza tipo; (market.) standard quality, qualità corrente; (fisc.) standard rate, aliquota base; (market.) standard sample, campione unificato4 di base; fondamentale; autorevole; classico; che fa testo: a standard text, un testo di base; the standard work on the subject, l'opera fondamentale sull'argomento; standard novels, romanzi classici5 (ling.) standard; corrente; corretto: standard English, l'inglese standard; standard spelling, grafia corrente; standard pronunciation, pronuncia corretta6 ( di un oggetto) che ha una base (un piedistallo, uno stelo): standard lamp, lampada a stelo (o a piantana)● standard bearer, (stor.) vessillifero, vessillario; (mil.) alfiere, portabandiera ( anche fig.) □ standard charge, tariffa fissa (o forfettaria) □ (rag.) standard costing, valutazione a costi standard □ (fin.) standard currency unit, modulo monetario, unità monetaria □ (fisc.) standard deduction, detrazione forfettaria □ standard form, modulo tipo □ (in Scozia) Standard Grades, esami finali della scuola dell'obbligo; esame di diploma □ (fin.) standard money, moneta base (o tipo); valuta legale (o ufficiale) □ (econ.) standard-of-life curve, curva reddito-consumo □ (demogr.) standard population, popolazione tipo □ ( golf) standard scratch score, norma ( di una buca o di un percorso) □ (fisc.) standard state, stato standard □ standard time, (econ., ind.) tempo di lavorazione standard; (geogr.) ora locale: British standard time, (in GB) ora di Greenwich; ora locale del meridiano centrale del fuso □ to be above standard, essere superiore alla media; ( di merce) essere di prima qualità □ (fig.) by the same standard, con lo stesso metro (o criterio) □ to have double standards, avere due pesi e due misure (fig.) □ to reach a high standard of efficiency, raggiungere un alto grado di efficienza. -
2 standard **** stand·ard
['stændəd]1. n1) (norm) standard m inv, (intellectual standard) livello culturaleto be or come up to standard — rispondere ai requisiti
of (a) high/low standard — di alto/basso livello
2) (moral: usu pl) scala di valorimoral standards — valori mpl morali
3) (flag) insegna, Mil stendardo2. adj(size, quality) standard inv, (reference book) classico (-a) -
3 low
I 1. [l'əʊ]1) (close to the ground) [branch, building, chair, cloud] basso2) (nearly depleted) [ reservoir] scarso; [ level] basso; [ battery] quasi esauritoto be rather low — [ stocks] scarseggiare
3) (minimal) [price, wage, number, rate, pressure, temperature] basso; [ capacity] scarso, ridotto; [ speed] ridotto, bassoto be in the low twenties — [ temperature] essere appena sopra i venti gradi
4) (inferior) [quality, standard] basso, scadente; [ score] basso5) (depressed) [ person] depresso, giù (di corda)6) (deep) [tone, note] basso2.1) (near the ground) [ aim] basso; [ bend] profondamenteI wouldn't sink o stoop so low — fig. non mi abbasserei a tanto
3) (at a reduced level) [ buy] a basso prezzo; [ speak] a bassa voce, sottovoceto turn sth. down low — abbassare [heating, radio]
4) mus. [sing, play] in una tonalità bassa••II [ləʊ]1) meteor. depressione f., zona f. di bassa pressione2) fig.III [ləʊ]verbo intransitivo [ cow] muggire* * *I 1. [ləu] adjective1) (not at or reaching up to a great distance from the ground, sea-level etc: low hills; a low ceiling; This chair is too low for the child.)2) (making little sound; not loud: She spoke in a low voice.)3) (at the bottom of the range of musical sounds: That note is too low for a female voice.)4) (small: a low price.)5) (not strong; weak or feeble: The fire was very low.)6) (near the bottom in grade, rank, class etc: low temperatures; the lower classes.)2. adverb(in or to a low position, manner or state: The ball flew low over the net.)- lower- lowly
- lowliness
- low-down
- lowland
- lowlander
- lowlands
- low-lying
- low-tech 3. adjectivelow-tech industries/skills.) (a tecnologia poco avanzata)- be low on II [ləu] verb(to make the noise of cattle; to moo: The cows were lowing.)* * *I 1. [l'əʊ]1) (close to the ground) [branch, building, chair, cloud] basso2) (nearly depleted) [ reservoir] scarso; [ level] basso; [ battery] quasi esauritoto be rather low — [ stocks] scarseggiare
3) (minimal) [price, wage, number, rate, pressure, temperature] basso; [ capacity] scarso, ridotto; [ speed] ridotto, bassoto be in the low twenties — [ temperature] essere appena sopra i venti gradi
4) (inferior) [quality, standard] basso, scadente; [ score] basso5) (depressed) [ person] depresso, giù (di corda)6) (deep) [tone, note] basso2.1) (near the ground) [ aim] basso; [ bend] profondamenteI wouldn't sink o stoop so low — fig. non mi abbasserei a tanto
3) (at a reduced level) [ buy] a basso prezzo; [ speak] a bassa voce, sottovoceto turn sth. down low — abbassare [heating, radio]
4) mus. [sing, play] in una tonalità bassa••II [ləʊ]1) meteor. depressione f., zona f. di bassa pressione2) fig.III [ləʊ]verbo intransitivo [ cow] muggire -
4 standard
['stændəd] 1.1) (level of quality) standard m., livello m. qualitativoto have high, low standards — [ person] avere grandi pretese, essere di poche pretese; [school, institution] avere, non avere standard molto alti
2) (official specification) norma f. ( for di)3) (requirement) (of student, work) requisito m. ( for di); (of hygiene, safety) norme f.pl.4) (banner) stendardo m.2.2) (authoritative) [ work] fondamentale3) (anche standard class) BE ferr. [ ticket] di seconda classe* * *['stændəd] 1. noun1) (something used as a basis of measurement: The kilogram is the international standard of weight.) unità, misura2) (a basis for judging quality, or a level of excellence aimed at, required or achieved: You can't judge an amateur artist's work by the same standards as you would judge that of a trained artist; high standards of behaviour; His performance did not reach the required standard.) criterio3) (a flag or carved figure etc fixed to a pole and carried eg at the front of an army going into battle.) stendardo, bandiera2. adjective((accepted as) normal or usual; The Post Office likes the public to use a standard size of envelope.) standard- standardise
- standardization
- standardisation
- standard-bearer
- be up to / below standard
- standard of living* * *['stændəd] 1.1) (level of quality) standard m., livello m. qualitativoto have high, low standards — [ person] avere grandi pretese, essere di poche pretese; [school, institution] avere, non avere standard molto alti
2) (official specification) norma f. ( for di)3) (requirement) (of student, work) requisito m. ( for di); (of hygiene, safety) norme f.pl.4) (banner) stendardo m.2.2) (authoritative) [ work] fondamentale3) (anche standard class) BE ferr. [ ticket] di seconda classe -
5 high
I 1. [haɪ]1) (tall) [building, wall, table, forehead, cheekbones] altoI've known him since he was so high — lo conosco da quando era piccolo o da quando era alto così
2) (far from the ground) [shelf, ceiling, cloud] altohow high (up) are we? — (on top of building) quanto siamo alti? (on plane, mountain) a che altezza siamo?
3) (numerically large) [number, price, frequency] alto, elevato; [ratio, volume] alto; [ wind] fortehigh in — ricco di [fat, iron]
4) (great) [degree, risk] alto, elevato; [hope, expectation] grande5) (important) [quality, rank] alto; [ standard] elevato8) gastr. [ game] frollato2.to be high on — essere sovreccitato per [ drug]
1) (to a great height) [climb, throw] in alto; [ jump] alto, in altoto climb higher and higher — [person, animal] salire sempre più in alto; fig. [figures, unemployment] aumentare sempre di più
don't go any higher than Ј 5,000 — non andare oltre o non superare le 5.000 sterline
2) (at a high level) [set, turn on] altoto turn sth. up high — alzare qcs
3) mus. [sing, play] in una tonalità alta••it's high time that sb. did — è proprio ora che qcn. faccia
II [haɪ]to search high and low for sth. — cercare qcs. in lungo e in largo, per mari e per monti
1) (livello) massimo m., picco m.2) colloq. (euphoric feeling)to be on a high — essere su di giri o eccitatissimo
3) AE colloq. scol. scuola f. (media) superiore4)from on high — dall'alto; relig. dal Cielo
* * *1. adjective1) (at, from, or reaching up to, a great distance from ground-level, sea-level etc: a high mountain; a high dive; a dive from the high diving-board.) alto2) (having a particular height: This building is about 20 metres high; My horse is fifteen hands high.) di altezza3) (great; large; considerable: The car was travelling at high speed; He has a high opinion of her work; They charge high prices; high hopes; The child has a high fever/temperature.) alto4) (most important; very important: the high altar in a church; Important criminal trials are held at the High Court; a high official.) principale, maggiore, alto5) (noble; good: high ideals.) alto6) ((of a wind) strong: The wind is high tonight.) forte7) ((of sounds) at or towards the top of a (musical) range: a high note.) alto8) ((of voices) like a child's voice (rather than like a man's): He still speaks in a high voice.) alto9) ((of food, especially meat) beginning to go bad.) passato, andato a male10) (having great value: Aces and kings are high cards.) alto2. adverb(at, or to, a great distance from ground-level, sea-level etc: The plane was flying high in the sky; He'll rise high in his profession.) alto- highly- highness
- high-chair
- high-class
- higher education
- high fidelity
- high-handed
- high-handedly
- high-handedness
- high jump
- highlands
- high-level
- highlight 3. verb(to draw particular attention to (a person, thing etc).) dar rilievo a, mettere in evidenza- high-minded
- high-mindedness
- high-pitched
- high-powered
- high-rise
- highroad
- high school
- high-spirited
- high spirits
- high street
- high-tech 4. adjective((also hi-tech): high-tech industries.) (ad alto contenuto tecnologico)- high treason
- high water
- highway
- Highway Code
- highwayman
- high wire
- high and dry
- high and low
- high and mighty
- the high seas
- it is high time* * *I 1. [haɪ]1) (tall) [building, wall, table, forehead, cheekbones] altoI've known him since he was so high — lo conosco da quando era piccolo o da quando era alto così
2) (far from the ground) [shelf, ceiling, cloud] altohow high (up) are we? — (on top of building) quanto siamo alti? (on plane, mountain) a che altezza siamo?
3) (numerically large) [number, price, frequency] alto, elevato; [ratio, volume] alto; [ wind] fortehigh in — ricco di [fat, iron]
4) (great) [degree, risk] alto, elevato; [hope, expectation] grande5) (important) [quality, rank] alto; [ standard] elevato8) gastr. [ game] frollato2.to be high on — essere sovreccitato per [ drug]
1) (to a great height) [climb, throw] in alto; [ jump] alto, in altoto climb higher and higher — [person, animal] salire sempre più in alto; fig. [figures, unemployment] aumentare sempre di più
don't go any higher than Ј 5,000 — non andare oltre o non superare le 5.000 sterline
2) (at a high level) [set, turn on] altoto turn sth. up high — alzare qcs
3) mus. [sing, play] in una tonalità alta••it's high time that sb. did — è proprio ora che qcn. faccia
II [haɪ]to search high and low for sth. — cercare qcs. in lungo e in largo, per mari e per monti
1) (livello) massimo m., picco m.2) colloq. (euphoric feeling)to be on a high — essere su di giri o eccitatissimo
3) AE colloq. scol. scuola f. (media) superiore4)from on high — dall'alto; relig. dal Cielo
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6 flat
I 1. [flæt]1) (level, not rounded) [ surface] piatto, piano; [roof, face] piatto; [ nose] schiacciato, camuso; (shallow) [ dish] piano2) (deflated) [ ball] sgonfio; [ tyre] a terra4) (low) [shoes, heels] basso5) (absolute) [refusal, denial] netto, secco, decisoyou're not going and that's flat! — non ci vai, e basta!
6) (standard) [fare, fee] fisso, forfettario; [ charge] fisso7) (monotonous) [voice, tone] piatto, monotono; (unexciting) [performance, style] noioso, piatto8) (not fizzy) [ drink] sgassato9) (depressed)2.to feel flat — sentirsi a terra o giù di corda
1) (horizontally) [ lay] disteso; [ fall] (lungo) distesoto knock sb. flat — atterrare qcn.
to lie flat — [ person] giacere (lungo) disteso; [hair, pleat] essere piatto
to fall flat on one's face — cadere lungo disteso; fig. rompersi il collo
3) (exactly)4) colloq. (absolutely) decisamente, seccamenteto turn [sth.] down flat — rifiutare recisamente [ offer]
5) mus. [sing, play] in tono più basso (del dovuto), in modo stonato••II 1. [flæt]to fall flat — [ play] fare fiasco; [ joke] cadere nel vuoto; [party, plan] essere un fiasco
1) (level part)the flat of — il palmo di [ hand]; il piatto di [ sword]
on the flat — BE [walk, park] in piano
2) colloq. (tyre) gomma f. a terra3) mus. bemolle m.4) teatr. fondale m.2.1) AE colloq. (shoes) scarpe f. basseIII [flæt]nome BE (apartment) appartamento m.* * *[flæt] 1. adjective1) (level; without rise or fall: a flat surface.) piatto2) (dull; without interest: She spent a very flat weekend.) noioso3) ((of something said, decided etc) definite; emphatic: a flat denial.) netto4) ((of a tyre) not inflated, having lost most of its air: His car had a flat tyre.) sgonfio, a terra5) ((of drinks) no longer fizzy: flat lemonade; ( also adverb) My beer has gone flat.) sgassato6) (slightly lower than a musical note should be: That last note was flat; ( also adverb) The choir went very flat.) abbassato di tono; in tono più basso2. adverb(stretched out: She was lying flat on her back.) disteso3. noun1) ((American apartment) a set of rooms on one floor, with kitchen and bathroom, in a larger building or block: Do you live in a house or a flat?) appartamento2) ((in musical notation) a sign (♭) which makes a note a semitone lower.) bemolle3) (a level, even part: the flat of her hand.) palmo4) ((usually in plural) an area of flat land, especially beside the sea, a river etc: mud flats.) piano; pantano•- flatly- flatten
- flat rate
- flat out* * *I 1. [flæt]1) (level, not rounded) [ surface] piatto, piano; [roof, face] piatto; [ nose] schiacciato, camuso; (shallow) [ dish] piano2) (deflated) [ ball] sgonfio; [ tyre] a terra4) (low) [shoes, heels] basso5) (absolute) [refusal, denial] netto, secco, decisoyou're not going and that's flat! — non ci vai, e basta!
6) (standard) [fare, fee] fisso, forfettario; [ charge] fisso7) (monotonous) [voice, tone] piatto, monotono; (unexciting) [performance, style] noioso, piatto8) (not fizzy) [ drink] sgassato9) (depressed)2.to feel flat — sentirsi a terra o giù di corda
1) (horizontally) [ lay] disteso; [ fall] (lungo) distesoto knock sb. flat — atterrare qcn.
to lie flat — [ person] giacere (lungo) disteso; [hair, pleat] essere piatto
to fall flat on one's face — cadere lungo disteso; fig. rompersi il collo
3) (exactly)4) colloq. (absolutely) decisamente, seccamenteto turn [sth.] down flat — rifiutare recisamente [ offer]
5) mus. [sing, play] in tono più basso (del dovuto), in modo stonato••II 1. [flæt]to fall flat — [ play] fare fiasco; [ joke] cadere nel vuoto; [party, plan] essere un fiasco
1) (level part)the flat of — il palmo di [ hand]; il piatto di [ sword]
on the flat — BE [walk, park] in piano
2) colloq. (tyre) gomma f. a terra3) mus. bemolle m.4) teatr. fondale m.2.1) AE colloq. (shoes) scarpe f. basseIII [flæt]nome BE (apartment) appartamento m. -
7 plane
I 1. [pleɪn]1) aer. aereo m., aeroplano m.2) (in geometry) piano m.3) tecn. (tool) pialla f.4) bot. (anche plane tree) platano m.2. 3. II 1. [pleɪn]verbo transitivo piallare [wood, edge]2.to plane sth. smooth — levigare qcs. con la pialla
verbo intransitivo [bird, aircraft, glider] planare* * *I 1. [plein] noun1) (an aeroplane.)2) (a level or standard: Man is on a higher plane (of development) than the apes.)3) (in geometry, a flat surface.)2. verb(to move smoothly over the surface (of water etc).)II 1. [plein] noun(a carpenter's tool for making a level or smooth surface.)2. verb(to make (a surface) level, smooth or lower by using a plane.)III [plein] noun(a type of tree with broad leaves.)* * *plane (1) /pleɪn/n.plane (2) /pleɪn/n.(falegn.) piallaplane (3) /pleɪn/A n.1 piano ( anche geom.); livello: inclined plane, piano inclinato; a low plane of culture, un basso livello culturale2 (aeron.) piano alare; superficie portante5 (mecc.) piano di riscontroB a. attr.piano: a plane surface, una superficie piana; plane geometry, geometria piana; plane angle, angolo piano ( di 180 gradi)● (naut.) plane chart, carta in proiezione di Mercatore □ (naut.) plane sailing, navigazione piana; rilevamento della posizione della nave supponendo la terra piatta □ (topogr.) plane table, tavoletta pretoriana □ on a friendly plane, su un piano amichevole.♦ plane (4) /pleɪn/n. (abbr. di aeroplane)aeroplano; aereo; velivolo: to take (o to catch) a plane, prendere un aereo; (mil.) spy plane, aereo spia; The plane took off, l'aereo decollò; to travel by plane, viaggiare in aereo(to) plane (1) /pleɪn/v. t.(falegn.) piallare(to) plane (2) /pleɪn/v. i.2 (fam.) viaggiare in aereo.* * *I 1. [pleɪn]1) aer. aereo m., aeroplano m.2) (in geometry) piano m.3) tecn. (tool) pialla f.4) bot. (anche plane tree) platano m.2. 3. II 1. [pleɪn]verbo transitivo piallare [wood, edge]2.to plane sth. smooth — levigare qcs. con la pialla
verbo intransitivo [bird, aircraft, glider] planare
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